If the flight control is the brain of the drone , then the power system is known as the heart of the drone. How much do you know about this heart? This issue of the Encyclopedia will introduce you to the relevant knowledge of the drone power system. Different powered drone classification UAVs can be classified into oil-powered drones, electric drones, solid oxide fuel drones, solar drones, and hybrid drones depending on the source of power. Oil drone According to the different fuels, the oil-powered drone can be divided into three types: methanol, gasoline and heavy oil drones. It has the characteristics of strong wind resistance, strong endurance, fast flight speed and high efficiency. Electric drone Electric systems for electric drones mainly include motors, ESCs, propellers and batteries. It has clean energy, simple motor structure, low cost and low accident rate, but its battery life is relatively short. Solid oxide fuel drone Solid-state oxide fuel drones use solid oxide fuels as power, such as hydrogen fuels, and even reported that nuclear power is currently under development. Solar drone There are two key technologies: one is to effectively collect solar energy and efficiently convert it into electric energy; the other is to solve the energy supply when nighttime and sunlight are weak. However, under high temperature and low temperature conditions, sometimes it does not work properly, and there are problems such as high temperature icing. Hybrid drone This is a new type of dual-powered drone. The power system consists of two electric systems, an electric drive and a conventional engine. The gasoline generator charges the battery and the battery re-energizes the electric engine. Power can come from batteries, gasoline generators, or both, and is smaller and more efficient than a single gasoline engine. But unlike hybrid cars, it collects energy from the brakes. The hybrid drone can achieve good take-off, climb performance and a combination of quiet and long-haul. Plant protection drone power system Motor â— Definition: A converter that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, consisting of the main parts of the stator, rotor, core, and magnetic steel. â— Type: It is divided into brush motor and brushless motor. Most of the current UAVs are brushless motors. â— Rule naming: four digits, the first two are the diameter of the stator and the last two are the height of the stator. For motors of the 4108 size, the stator has a diameter of 41 mm and a height of 8 mm. â— KV value: represents the motor's speed at unit voltage. The higher the general KV value, the faster the motor speed. KV value multiplied by voltage V = idle speed of the motor (turns per minute) ESC â— Definition: An electronic remote control that supplies power to the motor and controls the motor speed. â— Principle: The ESC receives and analyzes the signal from the flight controller, and then controls the speed of the motor by converting the DC power to a specific pulse AC power. â— Maximum continuous current: 60A, 80A, 100A or even 120A are commonly used. â— The main types of control: mainly divided into square wave, FOC. propeller • Definition: A device that converts engine rotational power into propulsion or lift. â— Parameters;: pulp diameter and pitch, the diameter is in inches, and the pitch is in millimeters. The 8045 pulp we usually refer to is a slurry with a diameter of 8 inches and a pitch of 45 mm. â— Specification name: 4 numbers, the first two are the diameter of the propeller, and the last two are the pitch. â— The relationship between the number of blades and the efficiency: the fewer the blades, the higher the efficiency. The four-rotor's voyage is greater than the six-rotor compared to four-rotor and six-rotor drones with similar wheelbases, battery specifications, and take-off weights. battery â—Features: The battery on the drone is generally a high-rate lithium polymer battery, characterized by high energy density, light weight, and high current resistance. â—Common: The 18650 battery is a common battery in electric drones, and is more used for fixed-wing UAVs and small multi-rotor UAVs with lower operating voltages. â— Plant protection drones are commonly used 6S, 12S, this parameter generally refers to the number of batteries, 6s means there are 6 batteries, 12S means there are 12 batteries. â— Capacity: commonly used are 10000mAh, 16000mAh, 22000mAh and so on. Refers to the maximum amount of battery that can be released in a safe state.
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