Homemade bonsai atomizer

Single chip microcomputer STM32L151CCU6
1206RGB (single)
RF cable can be customized for other specifications

The device introduced in this article can create a layer of fog around the rockery and trees of the bonsai, just like the white clouds floating in the mountains, which greatly enhances the ornamental value.
First, the working principle circuit is shown in the drawing. Simple bonsai atomizer circuit Mainly by ultrasonic generator and water level controller (water level controller refers to the control of high and low water level by mechanical or electronic method, can control solenoid valve, water pump, etc., become water level automatic controller or water level alarm, thus coming Semi-automatic or fully automated.), power circuit and other components. The ultrasonic generator is mainly composed of a triode VT1, the VT1 and its peripheral components constitute a three-point LC oscillator, B is an ultrasonic transducer, and its natural frequency fc=1.65MHz. The capacitances C1 and C2 determine the oscillation amplitude, and its natural frequency is slightly lower than Fc, L1, C2 are positive feedback components, the natural frequency is slightly higher than fc, and VD5 is a protection diode of VT1. Since B is immersed in water during atomization, the water level controller is composed of VT2, VT3 and other components, and the role is:
(1) providing a base bias current for the oscillating circuit;
(2) When the water level in the bonsai is lower than the set value, the oscillator (the oscillator is an electronic component used to generate a repeated electronic signal (usually a sine wave or a square wave). The circuit formed by the oscillator is called an oscillation circuit. DC power is converted into an electronic circuit or device with a certain frequency of AC signal output. There are many types, which can be divided into self-excited oscillator and other oscillator according to the oscillation excitation mode; according to the circuit structure, it can be divided into a RC oscillator and an inductor-capacitor oscillation. , crystal oscillator, tuning fork oscillator, etc.; according to the output waveform can be divided into sine wave, square wave, sawtooth wave and other oscillators. Widely used in electronics industry, medical, scientific research, etc.) Stop vibration, play a protective role. VT2 and VT3 are connected into a composite pipe, and the base bias current is supplied to VT1 through L3 and R3, and L3 is a high-frequency choke coil, which prevents the ultrasonic signal from entering the water level control circuit. Adjusting the resistance of R1 can change the base current of VT1 to control the operating current of the whole machine. a, b is the water level control line, usually immersed in water. When the atomizer is working normally, if the water level drops to a certain limit, a and b will be off the water surface, VT2 and VT3 will be cut off, and the water level controller will stop providing the base current to VT1, and the whole machine will stop working.
Second, the component selection
The quality of VT1 is the key to successful production. It is best to use high-power high-frequency triodes such as BU406, BU407 or BU408 from Italy SGS, which requires fT≥100MHz; VT2 and VT3 can use NPN-type silicon tubes such as 9014, requiring β≥100; VD1 ~VD4 can use 1N4002 silicon rectifier diode.
All resistors are preferably RJ-0.25W metal film resistors; CBB-100V polystyrene capacitors are used for capacitors; inductor L1 can be wound around 27 mm on φ10×10mm core with φ0.51mm enameled wire, inductance is about 24μH; L2 is φ0. The 69mm enameled wire is wound around 2.5φ in φ6mm drill bit, and then taken off, the inductance is about 0.22μH; L3 can be 270μH color code inductor; transducer B is the key component, should use φ20×1.25mm/1.65MHz or φ20×1.2mm /1.7MHz high-intensity piezoelectric ceramic sheet; transformer T requires secondary voltage of 50V, power 40W; S uses small boat-shaped switch; VT1 is best to install radiator; transducer B can not be energized from water, otherwise it will burn out. The water depth in the bonsai is 4-6 cm, which should be clean. After mounting, adjust the resistor R1 so that the total current is about 0.6A.
All components can be mounted on the self-made printed board. The hollow rivets can be drilled and spliced ​​with thin plastic wood boards. The components can be connected and then connected with wires. The position of each component can be properly configured.



2.54mm Male Header

2.54mm (.100") Pin Headers
Antenk`s line of 2.54mm pitch pin headers are durably made for high vibration environments, for board-to-board or PCB to PCB Connectors, with industry-leading current of 3.0A. Designed for low-profile applications, this pin header is made from high-temperature thermoplastic and is offered with several means of connections and mounting styles such as through-hole (THM) or surface mount (SMT) and can be in vertical (straight), elevated or at a right angle configuration/orientation

Pin header customization is also available upon your request. The 2.54mm pitch pin header is highly recommendable for signal and low power PC board connections when space is at a premium and when 1.0mm and 1.27mm pitch headers cannot dissipate the required current. In addition, the 2.54mm pitch pin header holds an excellent mating quality that fits with various types of female connectors.

Applications of 2.54mm Pitch Pin Headers
Motherboard Connectors
The Motherboard of a computer holds together many of the crucial components such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices.
Printer Connectors
Automotive PC Connectors
Smart, high power automotive PC power supply garners its capabilities from quality pin headers, designed for general purpose battery powered applications. These are manufactured to provide power and to control the motherboards' switch based on ignition status.
Battery Connections
Rechargeable battery packs, battery balancers, battery eliminator circuits. Battery connections rely on the ability of the current to pass reliable and solid current. This prevents overheating in the circuit and voltage drop.
Medical Diagnostic and Monitoring equipment
Communications: Telecoms and Datacoms
Industrial and Automotive Control and Test

Mount Type: Through-hole vs Surface Mount
2.54mm pitch pin (male) headers are offered in either Surface-mount or Through-hole mount termination. At one side of this pin header is a series of pins which can either be mounted and soldered directly onto the surface of the PCB (SMT) or placed into drilled holes on the PCB (THM).
Through-Hole (Poke-In)
Best used for high-reliability products that require stronger connections between layers.
Aerospace and military products are most likely to require this type of mounting as these products experience extreme accelerations, collisions, or high temperatures.
Useful in test and prototyping applications that sometimes require manual adjustments and replacements.
2.54mm vertical single row header, 2.54mm vertical dual row header, 2.54mm Elevated single row pin header, 2.54mm Elevated dual row pin Header, 2.54mm Right-angle single row header and 2.54mm Right-angle dual row header are some examples of Antenk products with through-hole mount type.

Surface-Mount
The most common electronic hardware requirements are SMT.
Essential in PCB design and manufacturing, having improved the quality and performance of PCBs overall.
Cost of processing and handling is reduced.
SMT components can be mounted on both side of the board.
Ability to fit a high number of small components on a PCB has allowed for much denser, higher performing, and smaller PCBs.
2.54mm Right-angle Dual Row pin header, 2.54mm SMT Single row pin header, 2.54mm SMT Dual row pin header and 2.54mm Elevated Dual Row Pin Header are Antenk`s SMT pin headers.

Soldering Temperature for 2.54mm Pitch Pin Headers
Soldering SMT pin connectors can be done at a maximum peak temperature of 260°C for maximum 60 seconds.

Pin-Type: Vertical (Straight) and Right-Angle

2.54mm pitch headers may be further classified into pin orientation as well, such as vertical or straight male header or right-angle male header.


Vertical or Straight Pin (Male) Header Orientation
One side of the series of pins is connected to PCB board in which the pins can be at a right-angle to the PCB surface (usually called "straight" or [vertical") or.

Right-Angle Pin (Male) Header Orientation
Parallel to the board's surface (referred to as "right-angle" pins).
Each of these pin-types have different applications that fit with their specific configuration.

PCB Connector Stacking
Elevated Pin Header Orientation

Elevated pins aka Stacked Pins or Mezzanine are simply stacked pin headers providing an exact distance requirement between PCBs that optimizes electrical reliability and performance between PCB boards.


Profile Above PCB
This type of configuration is the most common way of connecting board-to-board by a connector. First, the stacking height is calculated from one board to another and measured from the printed circuit board face to its highest insulator point above the PCB.

Single, Dual or Multiple Number of Rows
For a 1.0mm straight or vertical male pin header, the standard number of rows that Antenk offers ranges from 1 to 2 rows. However, customization can be available if 3, 4 or n number of rows is needed by the customer. Also, the number of contacts for the single row is about 2-40 pins while for dual row, the number contacts may vary from 2-80 pins.

Pin Material
The pins of the connector have been designed with copper alloy. With customer`s demand the pins can be made gold plated.

Breakaway design
The pin headers are also equipped with a breakaway design making them fully compatible with their female receptacles.

Custom 2.54mm Pitch Pin Headers
Customizable 2.54 mm pitch pin headers are also available, making your manufacturing process way faster as the pins are already inserted in the headers, insulator height is made at the right size and the accurate pin length you require is followed.
Parts are made using semi-automated manufacturing processes that ensure both precision and delicacy in handling the headers before packaging on tape and reel.

Tape and Reel Packaging for SMT Components
Antenk's SMT headers are offered with customizable mating pin lengths, in which each series has multiple number of of circuits, summing up to a thousand individual part number combinations per connector series.
The tape and reel carrier strip ensures that the headers are packaged within accurately sized cavities for its height, width and depth, securing the headers from the environment and maintaining consistent position during transportation.
Antenk also offer a range of custom Tape and reel carrier strip packaging cavities.

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